Compare how countries hold young people before custody becomes the answer.
These reports turn the Africa and Europe route into a public learning frame. Early reports are labelled honestly: some are sourced, some are field visited, and some are still scoping.
Anchor
Africa
South Africa
A high-priority Africa comparison for restorative justice, diversion, and community accountability.
Botswana
A scoping country for court diversion, youth support, and regional comparison.
Lesotho
A scoping country for mountain-region services, family support, and child protection overlap.
Tanzania
A partner-scoping country for community supports, education pathways, and justice diversion.
Kenya
A high-signal Africa route country for rights, diversion, and youth-led civic practice.
Uganda
A route-country scoping report for community support, family systems, and youth justice learning.
Europe
Sweden
A Europe comparison for welfare-state youth justice, custody thresholds, and support architecture.
Netherlands
A Europe comparison for small-scale custody, youth care, and reintegration pathways.
Spain
The Diagrama comparison: therapeutic practice, family contact, education, and lower-custody imagination.
Scotland / UK
A comparison for children's hearings, welfare framing, custody pressure, and public accountability.
Country reports are research scaffolds, not legal advice. Public pages only show sourced model summaries, readiness labels, and consent-safe learning. Raw field notes, private media, and identifiable story material stay gated until Empathy Ledger consent and partner review are complete.